3D

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Spatial-geometric image of elements and objects.
3D is often understood to mean 3D geometries without attributes, i.e. the exclusively spatial, geometric image.

(Source: market definition)

4D BIM (4D)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Alternative term for ‘time-based simulation of activities’
4D is often understood to mean the additional representation of the ‘time’ dimension (e.g. delivery time, construction time, etc.) for a spatial geometric image of an object.

(Source: market definition)

5D BIM (5D)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Alternative term for ‘simulation of costs’
5D is often understood to mean the additional representation of the ‘costs’ dimension (e.g. cost estimate, actually billed costs, etc.) for a spatial geometric image of an object.

(Source: market definition)

6D BIM (6D)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Alternative term for ‘sustainability’
6D is often understood to mean the additional representation of the ‘sustainability’ dimension (e.g. ecological footprint, maintenance intervals, etc.) for a spatial geometric image of an object.

(Source: market definition)

Actor

Standardised definition: Person, organisation or organisational unit involved in a construction process

Explanation: Organisational units include, but are not limited to, departments and teams.
In the context of SN EN ISO 19650-1, construction processes take place during the delivery phase and the operational phase.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.2.1)

Use case

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Describes the implementation of one or more specific processes by responsible parties according to defined requirements to support the fulfilment of one or more objectives using the BIM method.

SBB note: Defined in the BIM service catalogue.

(Source: ISO/DIS 29481-3:2021, 3.3)

Asset

Standardised definition: Item, thing or entity that has potential or actual value to an organisation

Explanation: Note: In this context, asset refers to a built asset (facility).

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.2.8)

Asset Information Model (AIM)

Standardised definition: Information model for the operational phase

Explanation: The Asset Information Model (AIM) is an information container or digital building model for the operation and management of a facility. The content is specified by the client’s Asset Information Requirements (AIR). Information already contained in the PIM is transferred to the AIM and supplemented or clarified where necessary.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.3.9)

Asset Information Requirements (AIR)

Standardised definition: Information requirements in relation to the operation of the asset

Explanation: The Asset Information Requirements (AIR) describe and define the information required by the client for the operation and management of facilities. The individual information requirements answer the questions of why, when, who and what, including any acceptance criteria for the provision of information. Information deliveries include geometric and alphanumeric information and/or supplementary documentation, see also Level of Information Need. The information requirements of the AIR are transferred to the Exchange Information Requirements (EIR) and ordered on a project-specific basis.
Note: In this context, asset refers to a built asset (facility).

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.3.4)

Asset management

Standardised definition: Coordinated activities of an organisation to realise value from assets

Explanation: Creating value usually involves weighing up the costs, risks, opportunities and performance growth.
‘Activity’ can also refer to the application of the elements of the asset management system.
The term ‘activity’ has a broad meaning and can include, for example, the approach, planning, execution and implementation of a plan.
In this context, asset refers to a built asset (facility).

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-3:2020, 3.1.1)

Attribute

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Attributes are alphanumeric data/properties that are directly assigned to and describe elements. An attribute only describes a single detail of a property or group of properties. Attributes can also refer to the geometry (example attributes OverallWidth and OverallHeight of the door IfcDoor).

The IFC standard makes a distinction between attributes and properties:

  Attribute
Attributes are defined in the IFC standard; no user-defined attributes can be assigned to an IFC element.

  Property
The properties and property sets can also be extended and used as user-defined properties, i.e. you do not just have to work with the standard properties of the IFC schema.

(Source: market definition)

Task team

Standardised definition: Individuals who have come together or been brought together to perform a specific task

Explanation:

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018)

Client

Standardised definition: Actor responsible for initiating a project and approving the brief

Explanation: The client is the contractual partner of the planners. They are usually the individual who has commissioned the build. [According to SIA 112 - Model construction design]

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.2.5)

Enumerated type value

Standardised definition: Data type consisting of a set of named values called elements, members, numerals, or enumerators of the type

Explanation: An enumeration type value refers to a fixed set of values defined within a specific type or class. It is used to represent a clear and limited selection of values.

(Source: SN EN ISO 23387:2020, 3.5)

Basic FM Hand Over View

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Handover of model information from the design and planning phase as well as transfer of model information from construction and commissioning software to CAFM and CMMS applications.
Schema: IFC2X3

(Source: buildingSMART International)

Base quantity

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The base quantities are only calculated when exporting from the authoring software by the respective translator (software component responsible for translating the data from the authoring software into the IFC schema). Users cannot influence these. They can only activate or deactivate them for export. The individual subsets of the base quantities are calculated directly from the geometry of the elements and are element-specific.

Example:
Only walls (IfcWall) have net side areas (NetSideArea). For slabs (IfcSlab), this is output as a net area (NetArea).

(Source: buildingSMART International)

Construction product

Standardised definition: Object manufactured or machined to be incorporated into a facility

Explanation: Note 1 to entry: Construction products are goods that are offered by a legal entity.
Note 2 to entry: Based on the definition in ISO 6707-1:2004 according to the recommendations of ISO/TC 59/AHG Terminology.

(Source: SN EN 15804+A2:2019, 3.6)

Element

Standardised definition: Physical object that can be described by its shape, material and other properties.

Explanation: An element is a physical object that cannot be broken down further without losing its basic properties. It is possible for an element to consist of further elements. These have partially or completely different properties than the assembled element. It therefore depends on the use case what is regarded as an element. A physical element is then represented in the model as a model element.

Example:
A wall is classed as an element. It has properties such as fire resistance class, thickness and outer wall etc. It is made from bricks, for example, which are themselves elements, with different properties to the wall. If the level of detail in the use case identifies the wall as an element, it is not relevant that it is constructed from brick. This information may be an attribute for the wall. However, it is important to divide the walls in the facility into units in such a way that each one cannot be further divided without losing its basic properties, such as height, width and thickness, as well as fire resistance class, colour, material, etc.

(Source: SN EN ISO 16739:2016)

Delivery team

Standardised definition: Lead appointed party and appointed parties

Explanation: A delivery team can be any size, from one person carrying out all the necessary functions through to complex, multi-layered task teams. The size and structure of each delivery team are in response to the scale and complexity of the asset management or project delivery activities.
Multiple delivery teams can be appointed simultaneously and/or sequentially in connection with a single asset or project, in response to the scale and complexity of the asset management or project delivery activities.
A delivery team can consist of multiple task teams from within the lead appointed party’s organisation and any appointed parties.
A delivery team can be assembled by the appointing party rather than the lead appointed party.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.2.6)

Big BIM

Standardised definition: Refers to the interdisciplinary application of the BIM method on the basis of shared digital building models

Explanation:

(Source: SIA 2051:2017, 1.2.5)

Big Room

Standardised definition: Project office with adequate information and communication technology for model-based collaboration between planning and implementation teams with the aim of optimising collaboration, communication and coordination.

Explanation: A Big Room supports cross-functional collaboration between different teams for a project. It is usually used for larger projects where there is high demand for co-operation, collaboration and communication. It promotes the targeted exchange of information, knowledge transfer and rapid feedback. All relevant disciplines work together in a Big Room so that any problems that arise can be resolved together in the shortest possible time.

(Source: SIA 2051:2017, 1.2.29)

BIM Collaboration Format (BCF)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: An open standard developed by buildingSMART International. BCF is a vendor-neutral data format based on the IFC standard. It supports the exchange of change requests between different software products, making it easier to identify and exchange model-based questions without having to use proprietary formats and workflows.

(Source: buildingSMART International)

BIM Execution Plan (BEP)

Standardised definition: A document that outlines how the information management aspects of the appointment will be carried out by the delivery team

Explanation: The BIM Execution Plan (BEP) explains in detail how the information management aspects of a project will be carried out by the delivery team based on the pre-appointment BEP. It sets out how information will be provided to the client as per the appointment and to the other project stakeholders in accordance with their requirements. The information deliveries are organised and transmitted in information containers. Coherence between information providers must be ensured by a lead organisation. The validity of the BEP is reviewed periodically and updated as required.
[See also Pre-appointment BEP]

SBB note: SBB provides a BEP template. The BEP project is created after the appointment.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-2:2018, 3.1.3.1)

Building Information Modelling (BIM)

Standardised definition: Use of a shared digital representation of a built asset to facilitate design, construction and operating processes to form a reliable basis for decisions

Explanation: Method that involves the creation and management of digital building models, including the physical and functional properties of a facility or site. The digital building models represent an information database for the facility or site and are a reliable source for decision-making throughout the entire life cycle, from strategic planning through to demolition.
Built assets include, but are not limited to, buildings, bridges, roads, process plants.

SBB note: The abbreviation BIM method is also used as a synonym.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.3.14)

buildingSMART Data Dictionary (bSDD)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The buildingSMART Data Dictionary (bSDD) is an online service that hosts classifications and their properties, allowed values, units, and translations. The bSDD allows linking between all the content inside the database. It provides a standardised workflow to guarantee data quality and information consistency.

(Source: buildingSMART International)

Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) is a specification that defines a graphical notation for the graphical representation of business processes in business process maps and a metamodel that forms the basis for the representation of business processes in machine-readable files.
The graphical diagrams are primarily used for communication, while the machine-readable models (i.e. files) are primarily used for process automation. BPMN 2.0 standardises an XML-based format in which BPMN diagrams can be saved. It is used for the exchange between different tools, for example between tools for modelling, simulation or the execution of process models.
In the SN EN ISO 29481-1 Information Delivery Manual (IDM), the Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN) is recommended for the representation of process maps.

(Source: ISO/IEC 19510:2013)

City Geography Markup Language (CityGML)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: An information model for the visualisation of virtual 3D city and landscape models. It defines the classes and relationships for the most important topographic objects in cities and regional models with regard to their geometric, topological, semantic and visual properties. It includes generalisation hierarchies between thematic classes, aggregations, relationships between objects and spatial properties.
It is implemented as an application schema for the Geographic Markup Language (GML).

(Source: BIM Glossary bSD
Market definition)

Closed BIM

Standardised definition: Software-dependent data exchange of digital building models using a closed, proprietary file format

Explanation:

(Source: SIA 2051:2017, 1.2.7)

Common Data Environment (CDE)

Standardised definition: Agreed source of information for any given project or asset, for collecting, managing and disseminating each information container through a managed process

Explanation: Common Data Environments (CDE) encompass both the process of collecting, managing and distributing information as well as the technology that supports this process and the underlying workflow. A CDE workflow can consist of a number of IT solutions.
The use of such solutions serves the joint storage of information and data as well as a standardised information process across company boundaries. This enables clear, logical and reliable control of the creation and exchange of information.
A general distinction must be made between project-specific, temporary CDEs for the planning and realisation of facilities, which are usually organised by the project team, and superordinate CDEs for operational information, which are operated by a defined organisation for the long term. An organisation can consist of several actors. In operation, a CDE enables a uniform data structure that supports networking with the peripheral systems, standardised interfaces and change management.

SBB note: SBB provides the SBB Project CDE. There is also the option of using additional external project CDEs.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.3.15)

Construction Operation Building Information Exchange (COBie)

Standardised definition: Representation of a handover view of the IFC schema, typically seen as a spreadsheet

Explanation:

(Source: ISO 15686-4:2014)

Coordination View 2.0

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Spatial and physical components for design coordination between architecture, structural engineering and building services engineering (MEP).
Schema: IFC2x3

(Source: buildingSMART International)

Data dictionary

Standardised definition: Centralised repository of information about data such as meaning, relationships to other data, origin, usage and format

Explanation: A data dictionary is an organised directory that contains information about the data in an information container. It serves as a resource to help project stakeholders find and understand the information, data and information about data they need. A data dictionary can contain metadata, properties, descriptions, links, etc.

Note 1 to entry: The definition is from IBM Dictionary of Computing.

SBB note: SBB Real Estate has a document of the same name.

(Source: SN EN ISO 23387:2020, 3.2)

Data model

Standardised definition: Description of the content and structure of data. Such a description can take place at different levels of abstraction in the form of a conceptual, logical or physical model. IFC is a generally accessible data model for digital building models that is documented in SN EN ISO 16739

Explanation:

(Source: SIA 2051:2017, 1.3.2)

Data template

Standardised definition: Data structure used to describe the properties of construction objects

Explanation: A data template is used to describe the properties of construction objects to enable the actors involved in the project to communicate with each other. It is a tool for specific actors (e.g. trades) to create, process and/or collect information consistently and in machine-readable form.

Example 1 A data template provides a view based on an information exchange, e.g. a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system designer is asking for the descriptions of the HVAC products that can be loaded into the design system.
Example 2 A data template provides manufacturers a standardised data structure that can be applied to any internal system and/or process for handling product data, e.g. one or several product information management systems can apply or map to this structure to enable machine readability, both internally and with any requests from any software using the same data template structure. An HVAC product manufacturer can then answer the request from any stakeholder, including the HVAC system designer.

Note 1 to entry: The relevant scope of the data template can be used together with the term ‘data template’. For example, a data template for a product can be named ‘product data template’. A data template for a system can be named ‘system data template’, etc.
Note 2 to entry: A data template can be used in an information exchange for a specific purpose for a construction object in the inception, brief, design, production, operation and demolition of facilities.

(Source: SN EN ISO 23387:2020, 3.3)

Design Build

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Design Build is a project delivery model that involves the integrated, lifecycle-orientated development, planning and implementation of a facility by a project team under the responsibility of one overall service provider in close cooperation with the most important designers and construction contractors. The ultimate goal is to realise a facility for the client that is optimised in all three dimensions of sustainability, which is to be ensured through a functionally tendered innovation, cost and quality competition. After the appointment of the winning integrated project team, the client concludes a contract for work with a comprehensive guarantee with regard to the agreed objectives with the overall service provider, who at the same time contractually integrates the other project team members in order to achieve the respective sub-objectives. Key aspects of the design-build model are aligned interests, the assumption of coordination responsibility by the overall service provider and assumption of responsibility for the different project areas by the respective partners with opportunities and risks, shared values such as openness, honesty, transparency and solution orientation, as well as a remuneration system that rewards optimisations for the benefit of the overall project and innovative contractor performance.

(Source: market definition)

Design Transfer View

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: An advanced geometric and relational representation of spatial and physical elements to enable the transfer of model information from one tool to another. It’s not a two-way transfer, but a higher level of unidirectional data transfer and responsibility.
Schema: IFC4

(Source: buildingSMART International)

Digital Product Passport (DPP)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The digital product passport is a data carrier that creates a traceable identity for products and provides information on the environmental sustainability of products. It provides information for supply chain actors, regulators and consumers, including product properties, material composition, and environmental impact. The DPP contains the following key elements: Data carriers and unique identifiers, access rights management, interoperability, data storage, data processing, data authentication and integrity, as well as data security and protection. All DPP information must be open, interoperable, machine-readable, structured, and searchable. The information is easily accessible by scanning a data carrier. The DPP contains attributes such as durability and reparability, recycled content, or availability of spare parts for a product.

Note: The digital product passport is a central component of the Ecodesign for Sustainable Product Regulation (ESPR), which is being implemented progressively by the EU from 2024. The ESPR is being introduced progressively, starting with sectors with the greatest potential for energy savings and environmental improvements, such as the construction sector. The precise requirements for construction products are laid down in delegated acts, which may be adopted on the basis of implementing acts.

(Source: European Commission)

Digital Building Logbook (DBL)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A digital building logbook is a common repository for relevant building data. It facilitates transparency, trust, informed decision-making and the exchange of information within the construction sector between building owners and users, financial institutions and public authorities.

The digital building logbook is a proposal by the European Commission to create a uniform or harmonised European approach that brings together all relevant data about a building and ensures that authorised persons can access accurate information about the building.

(Source: European Commission)

Drawing File Format (DWG)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The DWG (drawing) is a proprietary CAD file format specified by Autodesk. It is a machine-readable-only and undisclosed format, even if it can be licensed to other organisations. As it is the native format for all AutoCAD-based CAD, it is the de facto standard for non-BIM CAD data.

(Source: BIM Glossary bSD
Market definition)

Drawing Interchange File Format (DXF)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: DXF is a proprietary file format for CAD data exchange developed by Autodesk. The DXF format was introduced alongside the DWG format to ensure externally interpretable data exchange between AutoCAD systems on different operating systems. DXF files are text files that can be read by both humans and machines.

(Source: BIM Glossary bSD
Market definition)

Property

Standardised definition: An object characteristic, without fixed assignment. Properties are grouped by topic in the IFC (property sets).

Explanation: Properties are also called object information or object properties. A model consists of objects such as walls, doors, columns, etc. These objects have geometric and alphanumeric properties, such as thickness, width, colour, thermal transmittance, etc. These properties contain information about the objects in the model and are stored in attributes. In IFC, properties are a generic mechanism and a data-driven way of representing properties of objects, i.e. the properties have a name, a value and can be linked to objects.

The IFC standard makes a distinction between attributes and properties:

  Property
The properties and property sets can also be extended and used as user-defined properties, i.e. you do not just have to work with the standard properties of the IFC schema.

  Attribute
Attributes are defined in the IFC standard; no user-defined attributes can be assigned to an IFC element.

(Source: SIA 2051:2017
buildingSMART International, 1.4.15)

Entity

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Entity as a data object, instance in the data model described by a specific class (IFC Class). Entities can be described as elements with geometry, but also as virtual, structural elements without geometry such as plot, building, storey, zone, system, or material.

(Source: buildingSMART International)

Enumeration

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Enumeration is used to define constraints for the attributes/properties, i.e. a list of possible values is specified which may be used in an attribute/property.

Example:
PredefinedType of a wall can contain the values SOLIDWALL, PARAPET, MOVABLE, USERDEFINED, etc.

(Source: buildingSMART International)

EU Construction Products Regulation (CPR)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The EU Construction Products Regulation (CPR) lays down harmonised conditions for placing construction products on the market in the EU internal market and is intended to remove barriers to trade in the EU internal market. The revised CPR (No. 305/2011) is the basis for the harmonisation of construction product standards and the European Technical Assessment (ETA) for special products without a standard. It defines the essential characteristics of construction products, which the construction product manufacturer must integrate into a Declaration of Performance (DoP). It also defines systems for assessing and verifying constancy of performance (AVCP systems). The revised CPR extends the essential characteristics of construction products with regard to indicators of environmental impact and primary energy demand.

Note 1 The revised CPR (revCPR) will eventually replace the previous CPR (89/106/EEC). It is currently assumed that the CPR will be published in the EU Official Journal in summer 2024 and is expected to come into force in 2026. The implementation will take place according to product categories.
Note 2 To distinguish the revised CPR from the previous CPR, it is also known as the ‘new CPR’. The following acronyms are used: revCPR/nCPR.

(Source: European Commission)

Exchange Information Requirements (EIR)

Standardised definition: Information requirements in connection with an appointment

Explanation: The Exchange Information Requirements (EIR) group the transferred information requirements from OIR, AIR and PIR into a clear and coherent set of requirements of the appointing party. The EIR and actual project order form the content of a submission, to which the providers provide a response in the pre-appointment BEP.

SBB note: SBB’s EIR include the following documents: the BIM service catalogue, the specialised data catalogue (FDK), the building model regulations including annexes, and the BEP template.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.3.6)

Specialised data catalogue (FDK)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The specialised data catalogue (FDK) contains a structured, project-independent summary of the alphanumeric data requirements and is part of the EIR. The FDK defines all object types and their properties that can be required in a discipline-specific model as part of the project-specific EIR.

SBB note: SBB publishes the specialised data catalogue at fdk.app.sbb.ch
The project-specific data requirements are specified in the FDK project.

(Source: market definition)

Facility management

Standardised definition: Organisational function which integrates people, place and process within the built environment with the purpose of improving the quality of life of people and the productivity of the core business

Explanation:

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-3:2020, 3.1.2)

Lead appointed party

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A lead appointed party should be appointed for each delivery team. This can also be one of the task teams.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.2.3)

Geodata

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Geospatial data that describe the extent and properties of specific spaces and objects with a specific time reference, in particular their location, nature, utilisation and legal status

(Source: market definition)

Geodetic coordinate system

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Distorted, projected coordinate system with a curved reference horizon, a scale not equal to 1 and ‘large’ coordinate values, oriented to grid north, with working heights as height reference (m.a.s.l.). Length calculations from such coordinates usually do not correspond to the real lengths at the location (with length distortion).

(Source: market definition)

Geoinformation

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Geospatial information obtained by linking geodata

(source: market definition)

Georeferencing

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Georeferencing creates the reference from the project coordinate system to the superordinate geodetic coordinate system by means of a transformation.
The transformation parameters required for georeferencing are calculated using identical control points in both coordinate systems and the resulting inaccuracies are assessed. Depending on the accuracy requirements of the building project, a change of scale may or may not be necessary.

(Source: market definition)

Globally Unique Identifier (GUID)

Standardised definition: Unique identifier generated using an algorithm

Explanation: A globally unique identifier (GUID) is a 128-bit number created by the Windows operating system or another Windows application.

(Source: SN EN ISO 23386:2020, 3.13)

Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)

Standardised definition: Conceptual data schema and exchange file format for building information modelling (BIM) data

Explanation: Manufacturer-independent, transnational, standardised and open interface as a data model for the exchange of model-based data and information in all planning, execution and property management phases.
IFCs are described in SN EN ISO 16739:2016.

(Source: SN EN ISO 23387:2020, 3.8)

Industry Foundation Classes Extensible Markup Language (ifcXML)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Definition of the IFC object model using the XML schema language. ifcXML enables the exchange of IFC product data in XML format. The advantage of ifcXML is the readability of the structure and its content.
The ifcXML data specification uses XML schema language to define the same data content as the IFC-EXPRESS schema. Only the specification language is different. The ifcXML specification enables the exchange of IFC product data in XML format.

(Source: BIM Glossary bSD
Market definition)

Information Delivery Manual (IDM)

Standardised definition: Documentation (manual) that describes the operational processes and detailed specifications regarding the information that a stakeholder must deliver at a given time in a project according to their role

Explanation:

(Source: SN EN ISO 29481-1:2017, 3.10)

Information Delivery Milestone

Standardised definition: A scheduled event for a predefined information exchange.

Explanation:

(Source: EN 17412-1:2020
SN EN ISO 19650-2:2018, 3.1.3.2)

Information Delivery Specification (IDS)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A computer-interpretable document that defines the exchange requirements of model-based collaboration. IDS specifies which data must be contained in the information model, i.e. it defines how objects, classifications, properties, values and units must be specified and exchanged. This can be a combination of IFC, domain extensions and additional classifications and properties, such as national or company-specific agreements. IDS enables software tools to validate the IFC file by means of (automated) analyses.

(Source: buildingSMART International)

Information provider

Standardised definition: Actor who provides information in an information container

Explanation: Example 1 A structural engineer acts as an information provider in preparing a detailed proposal during a detailed design stage.
Example 2 A maintenance team acts as an information provider in preparing an inspection report on an asset during an operational trigger event.

Note 1 to entry: Information providers include both the authors of requirements and the providers delivering information according to the requirements.

See also appointed party in accordance with SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-4:2022, 3.2.1)

Information requirement (IR)

Standardised definition: Specification for what, when, how and for whom information is to be produced

Explanation:

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.3.2)

Information exchange

Standardised definition: Act of satisfying an information requirement or part thereof

Explanation:

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.3.7)

Exchange Requirement (ER)

Standardised definition: A defined set of information units that needs to be exchanged to support a particular business requirement at a particular process phase(s) or stage(s)

Explanation:

(Source: SN EN ISO 29481-1:2017, 3.9)

Appointed party

Standardised definition: Provider of information concerning work, goods or services

Explanation: A lead appointed party should be appointed for each delivery team. The role of the lead appointed party can also be assumed by a task team.
This term is used regardless of whether or not there is a formal appointment between the parties.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.2.3)

Appointing party

Standardised definition: Receiver of information concerning works, goods or services from a lead appointed party

Explanation: In some countries the appointing party can be termed client, owner or employer but the appointing party is not limited to these functions.
This term is used regardless of whether or not there is a formal appointment between the parties.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.2.4)

Appointment

Standardised definition: Agreed instruction for the provision of information concerning works, goods or services

Explanation: This term is used whether or not there is a formal agreement between the parties.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.2.2)

Information reviewer

Standardised definition: Actor who reviews information and its information container

Explanation: An information reviewer evaluates the information created, processed and/or collected by the information provider prior to the approval of a change of information status by the appointing party. The information reviewer is appointed to perform specific tasks within the scope of information management. The role of the information reviewer can vary depending on the phase, project and information and there can be several information reviewers within a project.

Example: An information provider, such as a structural engineer or a maintenance team, acts as a reviewer before approval from the work in progress (WIP) state.

Note 1 to entry: The task team leader acts as reviewer before approval out of work in progress (WIP) state.
Note 2 to entry: The delivery or operational team including the lead appointed party act as reviewers before the authorisation into the published state and its possible acceptance by the appointing party.
Note 3 to entry: An information reviewer can be an artificial intelligence agent or automated rules-based process.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-4:2022, 3.2.3)

Information container

Standardised definition: Named persistent set of information retrievable from within a file, system or application storage hierarchy

Explanation: Examples of information containers: Sub-directory, information file (including model, document, table, schedule), or distinct sub-set of an information file such as a chapter or section, layer or symbol.
Structured information containers include geometrical models, schedules and databases. Unstructured information containers include documentation, video clips and sound recordings.
Persistent information is intended to be stored permanently. It does not include temporary information, such as Internet search results.
An agreed naming convention should apply to the naming of an information container.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.3.12)

Information receiver

Standardised definition: Actor who receives information in an information container

Explanation: Note 1 to entry: An information receiver can be the appointing party or a lead appointed party with responsibility for the authorisation and acceptance of information into the published state. See ISO 19650-1:2018
Note 2 to entry: For appointing party, lead appointing party and information provider, see ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.2.3 and 3.2.4.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-4:2022, 3.2.2)

Integrated Concurrent Engineering Session (ICE)

Standardised definition: Integrated, transdisciplinary collaboration workshops involving the entire planning team or individual team members to find solutions and make decisions. These sessions typically make use of digital building models. The workshop should be expanded by decision-makers as required to suit the objective

Explanation:

(Source: SIA 2051:2017, 1.12.19)

Integrated Project Delivery (IPD)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: IPD is a project delivery model that integrates lifecycle-orientated ordering, planning and implementation of a facility under the joint responsibility of a project group with the most important project stakeholders. The avoidance of conflicts of interest in the context of complex and risky large-scale projects is the primary objective. This is to be ensured by the extensive financial, technical and management involvement of the client in the project group, which undertakes to achieve the set project requirements and target costs by entering into a multi-party contract – in compliance with principles such as equal rights, unanimity, joint liability for profit or loss, shared values such as openness, honesty, transparency and willingness to co-operate, as well as a remuneration system based purely on personnel costs and profit sharing in the event of cost underruns (everyone wins or loses together).

(Source: market definition)

Interaction map

Standardised definition: Representation (map) of the roles and transactions relevant for a defined purpose

Explanation: The interaction map defines the roles involved and the transactions between these roles. There is an initiating and an executing role for each defined transaction.

(Source: SN EN ISO 29481-1:2017, 3.13)

International Framework for Dictionaries (IFD)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Description of the organisation of information for the construction industry based on ISO 12006-3. buildingSMART has implemented this standard as a product in the buildingSMART Data Dictionary (bSDD).

(Source: BIM Glossary bSD
Market definition)

Class

Standardised definition: Description of a set of objects that share the same characteristics

Explanation: A class contains the objects that share the same characteristics. Classes thus structure the objects, which differ from each other in their instances, but can still be assigned to a system (e.g. unit or element). Classes can also be related to each other, creating hierarchies or associations that reflect the real or use case-specific relationship between the objects contained in a class.

Note 1 to entry: The characteristics may be embodied by the use of properties, operations,
methods, relations, semantics, etc.
Note 2 to entry: Each class is a hierarchical element of a classification.

(Source: SN EN ISO 23386:2020, 3.7)

Classification system

Standardised definition: [several standardised definitions available]

Explanation: A logically structured framework for the naming, mapping and processing of types or type aggregations of elements (in the sense of objects, services or the like) with common attributes that can be applied in accordance with the use case, publisher or other framework conditions. Coclass, Omniclass and Uniclass are examples of international classification systems. eBKP-H, eBKP-T and BKP are examples of national classification systems.

(Source: EN ISO 29481-1:2017
ISO 12006-2:2015
ISO 22274:2013
SN 506500:2017
SN 506511:2020
SN 506512:2017
SN EN ISO 12006-3:2016)

Federation

Standardised definition: Creation of a composite information model from separate information containers

Explanation: Aggregated digital building model that is temporarily created for the coordination and verification of the discipline-specific and sub-models. Federations are also used for discipline-specific coordination.

SBB note: The overall federation represents the aggregation of several federations.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.3.11)

Declaration of Performance (DoP)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The Declaration of Performance is an important part of the revised EU Construction Products Regulation. It provides information about the performance of a product and enables manufacturers to provide information about the essential characteristics of a product. Every construction product that falls under a harmonised European standard or for which a European Technical Assessment has been issued requires this declaration and must bear the CE marking.

(Source: European Commission)

Level of Information Need

Standardised definition: Specification that defines the scope and depth of information.

Explanation: The Level of Information Need should be used to support the exchange of information.
The Level of Information Need describes the granularity of exchanged information in terms of geometric information, alphanumeric information and documentation. Different application objectives each have their own requirements for geometric information, alphanumeric information and documentation.
The Level of Information Need should be used to coordinate and agree on the delivery of information between two or more actors.
The Level of Information Need describes information requirements that can be analysed by humans and machines.

(Source: EN 17412-1:2020, 3.5)

Little BIM

Standardised definition: A limited application of the BIM method to individual disciplines with no exchange or shared use of digital building models

Explanation:

(Source: SIA 2051:2017, 1.2.4)

Local coordinate system

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Distortion-free Cartesian coordinate system with a flat reference horizon, a scale of 1:1 or without scale distortion, ‘small’ coordinate values, orthogonally aligned according to project geometry (rotated to grid north), and usually with a local zero height (+/-0.00) as a height reference. Length calculations from such coordinates correspond to the actual lengths on site (no length distortion).

(Source: market definition)

Master Information Delivery Plan (MIDP)

Standardised definition: Plan containing all relevant task-related information delivery plans

Explanation: The Master Information Delivery Plan (MIDP) is the superordinate plan of the design. Its purpose is to meet the project-specific information requirements and define the delivery of information over the entire life cycle of a facility. It brings together and harmonises the individual Task Information Delivery Plans (TIDP) and contains information on the content, timing, responsibility and protocols and procedures to be used for the individual information deliveries. The overall manager is ultimately responsible for the MIDP with assistance from individual project stakeholder groups.
The MIDP is considered part of the BEP and should represent the delivery of the complete information to the appointing party according to the EIR.
The times and responsibilities set out in the MIDP and the information requirements set out in the EIR can be used to check whether the information will be delivered in full and in accordance with the order.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-2:2018, 3.1.3.3)

Material passport

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A material passport documents all materials and products used in a building. Material passports are structured, machine-readable data records that describe the properties of materials in products. This contributes to better data consistency between planning, construction, utilisation and demolition. Material passports aim to increase the value or keep the value of materials, products and components over time. They incentivise suppliers to produce healthy, sustainable and recyclable materials/construction products and makes it easier for clients and planners to select these products.

The standards DIN EN 15804, ISO 14025, ISO 21930, ISO 14040/14044 form the basis for the creation of a material passport and contribute to improving the sustainability and recyclability of construction products.

Note:
The concept of the material passport originated from the EU research project: Building as Material Banks (BAMB).

(Source: market definition)

Property

Standardised definition: Inherent or acquired feature of an item

Explanation: Example: Thermal efficiency, heat flow, sound reduction index, sound power level, colour.

(Source: SN EN ISO 23386:2020, 3.17)

Property

Standardised definition: Generic term for attributes and characteristics.

Explanation: Property is a common description for attributes, characteristics and parameters of an object.

(Source: SIA 2051:2017, 1.4.13)

Model View Definition (MVD)

Standardised definition: Computer-interpretable definition of an exchange requirement, specifically bound to one or more particular standard information schemas

Explanation: A Model View Definition (MVD) is based on the IFC schema and defines the subsets of the IFC data model that are necessary to support the specific information exchange requirements. It is therefore a subset of the IFC specification. The MVD provides guidance for all IFC designations (classes, attributes, relationships, property sets, quantity definitions, etc.) that are used and must be available in a specific application area.

(Source: SN EN ISO 29481-1:2017, 3.16)

Model View Definition Extensible Markup Language (mvdXML)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: File format in which an MVD can be saved in a machine-readable format. It is also used to check the completeness of a data transfer by interpreting them as check rules.

(Source: BIM Glossary bSD
Market definition)

Native file format

Standardised definition: File structure of an electronic document as defined by the application that created that electronic document

Explanation: The terms ‘proprietary file format’ and ‘native file format’ are often used as synonyms in everyday language.

(Source: SIA 2051:2017, 1.4.24)

openBIM

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: openBIM is a vendor-neutral collaborative process. openBIM processes can be defined as shareable project information that supports seamless collaboration between all project stakeholders. openBIM facilitates interoperability for the benefit of projects and assets throughout their lifecycle.
The openBIM process defined by buildingSMART International creates digital workflows based on vendor-neutral formats such as IFC, BCF, COBie, CityGML, gbXML, etc. It enables an accessible digital twin that forms the basis for a long-term data strategy for facilities. This ensures better sustainability of projects and more efficient management of the built environment.
Note: openBIM is a registered trade mark of buildingSMART International. Spellings such as Open BIM or OPEN BIM can be used as synonyms.

(Source: buildingSMART International)

Organisational Information Requirements (OIR)

Standardised definition: Information requirements in relation to organisational objectives

Explanation: The Organisational Information Requirements (OIR) describe and define the information required to achieve overarching strategic goals and to manage and make decisions within an organisation. The individual information requirements answer the questions of why, when, who and what, including any acceptance criteria for the provision of information. Information deliveries include geometric and alphanumeric information and/or supplementary documentation, see also Level of Information Need. The information requirements of the OIR are transferred to the Exchange Information Requirements (EIR) and ordered on a project-specific basis.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.3.3)

Parameter

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A parameter is a special property of an object that controls other properties. For example, the ‘width’ parameter controls the geometry of an object, but also the total area and volume.

(Source: market definition)

Pre-appointment BEP

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: In the pre-appointment BEP, the providers respond to the project-specific requests for planning and information and provide evidence that they have the capability and capacity to manage the project information in line with the BIM method. The appointing party must indicate the contents required to support its evaluation criteria and must ensure that these are objectively verifiable and/or measurable. The aim is to create mutual clarity in dialogue between the appointing party and the provider regarding the key points of information management and the provision of information prior to the appointment. Further clarifications and additions will be made in the BEP after the appointment.
[see also BIM Execution Plan]

SBB note: The BIM Execution Plan (BEP) is a document that project teams use as a collaboration tool to create, manage and share project information. The contractor responds to the BIM service description with the SBB’s requirements with the performance specifications in the form of the ‘BEP project’. A pre-appointment BEP is not required for the bid submission.

(Source: SNG CEN/TR 17439:2020, 5.3)

Product Data Sheet (PDS)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A Product Data Sheet (PDS) is a specific application of a Product Data Template (PDT). The PDT provides a standardised structure that defines which information should be recorded for a specific product type. A PDS enables manufacturers to provide accurate and detailed information about products by filling in the PDT with the specific product data, which is then referred to as a Product Data Sheet (PDS). A PDS must be machine-readable, structured and searchable.

(Source: market definition)

Product Data Template (PDT)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A Product Data Template (PDT) is a machine-readable template for structuring information about any type of construction object in the form of properties and making it exchangeable. It represents a specific type of product or material and contains fields for all relevant information on this product. PDTs contribute to interoperability between different BIM systems and software tools and improve data quality through a standardised method of data entry and verification.

Note 1 The development of the PDT definition is based on ISO 12006-3:2007, which provides a descriptive basis for objects, relationships and connections. All information contained in the PDT must be based on open standards, developed in an interoperable format, and be machine-readable, structured and searchable.

(Source: market definition)

Project Information Model (PIM)

Standardised definition: Information model relating to the delivery phase

Explanation: The Project Information Model (PIM) is an information container or digital building model consisting of geometric and alphanumeric information as well as supplementary documentation for the planning and construction phases of a facility. The content is specified by the sum of the information requirements of all project stakeholders. Information from the PIM is transferred to the Asset Information Model (AIM) where necessary.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.3.10)

Project Information Requirements (PIR)

Standardised definition: Information requirements in relation to the delivery of an asset

Explanation: The Project Information Requirements (PIR) describe and define the information required by the client for the planning and implementation of facilities. The individual information requirements answer the questions of why, when, who and what, including any acceptance criteria for the provision of information. Information deliveries include geometric and alphanumeric information and/or supplementary documentation, see also Level of Information Need. The information requirements of the PIR are transferred to the Exchange Information Requirements (EIR) and ordered on a project-specific basis.
Note: In this context, asset refers to a built asset (facility).

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018, 3.3.5)

Project coordinate system

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The construction project is planned in a specific project coordinate system. Depending on the extent, this can be a local or geodetic coordinate system.
The position and height must be defined and documented (e.g. LV95/CH1903+ with LHN95). The proposed location is the EIR.
For buildings and small-scale structures, a local distortion-free coordinate system, which is set in relation to a superordinate geodetic coordinate system, is usually sufficient as a project coordinate system (PRefP = boundary or position fixed point). In the case of large-scale facilities and/or large, linear structures, the route is usually planned in a geodetic coordinate system, whereas the associated small-scale engineering structures are planned in their own local coordinate systems, which are set in relation to the route.

(Source: market definition)

Project height reference (PRefK)

Standardised definition: The PRefK is the local project height (+/-0.00)

Explanation: For better visual differentiation from the PRefP, the PRefK should be defined as an inverted pyramid with semantic information
and described in the BEP.

(Source: market definition)

Project reference point (PRefP)

Standardised definition: The PRefP is the position zero point in the project coordinate system.

Explanation: The project reference point, a.k.a the project base point, must be deliberately defined at a point with already known coordinates in the geodetic coordinate system (border point, fixed position point). It is represented as a pyramid with a square base and semantic information.

(Source: market definition)

Project team

Standardised definition: Appointing party and all delivery teams

Explanation:

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-2:2018, 3.1.2.1)

Proprietary file format

Standardised definition: Proprietary software file format in which rights and the possibility of reuse and further use as well as modification and adaptation by users and third parties are severely restricted.

Explanation: The terms ‘proprietary file format’ and ‘native file format’ are often used as synonyms in everyday language.

(Source: SIA 2051:2017, 1.4.25)

Proxy

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A proxy is a generic object without specific classification. It has the same functionality as types or subtypes, but without representing a specific element. Proxies can be used as placeholders or auxiliary objects that can later be replaced by the correct element.

(Source: buildingSMART International)

Process map (PM)

Standardised definition: Representation of the relevant characteristics of a process associated with a defined business purpose

Explanation:

(Source: SN EN ISO 29481-1:2017, 3.18)

Reference view

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Simplified geometric and relational representation of spatial and physical components as a reference model for design coordination between architecture, structural engineering and MEP engineering
Schema: IFC4

(Source: buildingSMART International)

Reference document

Standardised definition: Publication that is consulted to find specific information, particularly in a technical or scientific domain

Explanation: A reference document is an authoritative source of information (or basis) for decision-making in information management. Reference documents can be company standards, norms and standards as well as other reliable sources that define requirements, procedures, quality standards, etc. in information management. A reference document also serves as proof or evidence of the validity of information and decisions.

Note 1 to entry: A reference document can be associated with any data present in a data dictionary. It can include the document date and version.

(Source: SN EN ISO 23387:2020, 3.12)

Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The STEP data format (ISO 10303) is a manufacturer-independent standard for exchanging product data between different CAD systems. STEP files are text files that can be read by both humans and machines. In STEP, each object contains both a functional and a geometric description. It also includes information on interactions, dependencies and superordinate contexts.
The IFC format uses STEP as the standard data format; an XML variant (ifcXML) was added later.

(Source: BIM glossary bSD
ISO 10303-21:2016)

‘Archived’ state

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The ‘archived’ state is used for audit trail purposes as a record of all information containers released and published during the information management process. An information container referenced in the archived state that was previously in the published state contains information that may have been used previously for more detailed design work, construction or asset management.

(Source: SN EN ISO 23386:2020)

‘Shared’ state

Standardised definition: Information reviewers must review the information container against the criteria for checking an information exchange, using the information shared as reference material and context where necessary

Explanation: The purpose of the shared state is to enable constructive, collaborative development of the information model within a delivery team. Information containers in the shared state should be checked by all relevant appointed parties (including those in other delivery teams) for comparison with their own information, subject to any security-related restrictions. These information containers should be visible and accessible, but not editable. If editing is required, an information container should be reset to ‘work in progress’ so that it can be modified and resubmitted by an author. The shared state is also used for information containers that are approved for shared use with the appointing party and are ready for authorisation. This use of the shared state can also be referred to as the client approval status.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-4:2022, 5.2)

‘Work in progress’ state

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The ‘work in progress’ state is used for information that is currently being developed by the task team. An information container in this state should not be visible or accessible to any other task team. This is particularly important if the common data environment (CDE) solution is implemented via a shared system, e.g. a shared server or web portal.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-4:2022)

‘Published’ state

Standardised definition: The information receiver must use the information exchanged in the published state for important decisions, completing a phase, or an operational event, and for subsequent phases and triggering events.

Explanation: The published state is used for information that has been approved for use, e.g. when building a new project or operating an asset.
The project information model at the end of a project or the asset information model during operation only contains information with the published or archived state.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-4:2022, 5.3)

Task Information Delivery Plan (TIDP)

Standardised definition: Plan of information containers and information delivery dates for a specific task team

Explanation: Each group of project stakeholders (information providers) creates a TIDP. This includes use cases and contains information on the content, timing, responsibility and protocols and procedures to be used for the individual information deliveries in the respective area of responsibility.
The responsibilities of each information provider and the information requirements relevant to your work are defined in advance in a responsibility matrix.
The responsibility matrix describes the proportionate responsibility of various roles in the completion of tasks or performance of information delivery.
The TIDP defines the schedule per information provider as well as the type of provision of the requested information with content, time, responsibility and protocols and procedures to be used. It is a response to the project information delivery milestones.
The individual TIDPs are merged and harmonised in the Master Information Delivery Plan.

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-2:2018, 3.1.3.4)

Task Information Requirement (TIR)

Standardised definition: Information requirement in relation to the task team

Explanation:

(Source: SNG CEN/TR 17439:2020, 3.1)

Topology

Standardised definition: Describes the spatial relationship of elements, e.g. storey, wall, room, etc., to each other. In contrast to geometry, which describes the absolute shape and position in space, the topology between elements is independent of dimensions

Explanation:

(Source: SIA 2051:2017, 1.4.10)

Transaction map

Standardised definition: Representation (map) of a set of messages that are exchanged between participating roles for a particular purpose

Explanation: The transaction map defines the messages in a transaction and the regulations that must be observed with regard to the execution sequence.

(Source: SN EN ISO 29481-1:2017, 3.21)

Type III environmental declaration

Standardised definition: Environmental declaration providing quantified environmental data using predetermined parameters and, where relevant, additional environmental information.

Explanation: Note 1 to entry: The predetermined parameters are based on the ISO 14040 series of standards, which is made up of ISO 14040 and ISO 14044.
Note 2 to entry: Based on ISO 14025:2006

(Source: SN EN 15804+A2:2019, 3.33)

Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) describes construction products in terms of their environmental impact on the basis of life cycle assessments as well as their functional and technical properties. EPDs are proven procedures for declaring the environmental performance of a construction product in the life cycle phases of manufacture and disposal. They can be used for functional units or entire systems. The transparent framework makes it possible to understand the calculations and methods behind the results in the EPD.

Environmental declarations of building materials with quantitative statements, such as the environmental product declaration (EPD), are categorised as Type III ecolabels in accordance with ISO 14025. The basic rules for the product category of construction products are described at international level in ISO 21930. In Europe, these rules have been adopted and slightly supplemented in SN EN 15804+A2. In the EPD, the environmental impact indicators are presented, with their modules, in tables as values according to life cycle phases.

(Source: SN EN 15804+A2:2019
SN EN ISO 22057:2022)

Environmental Performance Indicator (EPI)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Environmental performance indicators are standardised measures that quantify the environmental impact of a product over its entire life cycle. Environmental performance indicators include such environmental indicators as greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption, water consumption and waste generation. They provide a standardised, fact-based information basis for assessing product sustainability. Environmental performance indicators are particularly in demand in the construction industry and for public tenders, and also form the information basis for the sustainability certification of buildings.

(Source: SN EN 15804+A2:2019
SN EN ISO 14025:2010)

Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) is a European Union regulation that establishes a framework for setting ecodesign requirements on specific products. It aims to make all products sustainable. The ESPR enables the European Commission to enforce stricter sustainability requirements for various product categories. These requirements generally fall into two categories: Performance requirements (e.g. durability, reusability, reparability, energy and resource efficiency, recycled content and presence of substances of concern) and information requirements, including the introduction of a digital product passport (DPP) for products and the publication and disclosure of specific information.

(Source: European Commission)

Client methodology requirements (AMA)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A temporary document for a standardised understanding of BIM processes and the associated methodology required by the appointing party. This term is not used at SBB and should be avoided.

SBB note: This term is not used at SBB.

(Source: Not defined and standardised, not used at SBB)

BIM information manager

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A role that is usually assumed by clients. Responsible for checking, at the defined times, the delivered data/information against the client’s requirements, identifying and requesting deviations, and accepting information deliveries. Note: Roles will be consolidated, so it is important to appoint a BIM manager who can assume multiple roles or delegate these responsibilities to other roles.

(Source: SBB)

BIM coordinator

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A role, usually assumed by the contractor, involving the comparison and review of the discipline-specific models and sub-models, among other things. Note: Roles will be consolidated, so it is important to appoint a BIM manager who can assume multiple roles or delegate these responsibilities to other roles.

SBB note: Roles and their responsibilities can be defined on a project-specific basis.

(Source: Not defined and standardised, not used at SBB)

BIM manager

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A role that is usually assumed by the contractor(s). The BIM manager is responsible for coordinating data requirements, data creation processes and semantic information modelling, among other things. The specific services are to be defined in the contract. Note: Roles will be consolidated, so it is important to appoint a BIM manager who can assume multiple roles or delegate these responsibilities to other roles.

SBB note: Roles and their responsibilities can be defined on a project-specific basis.

(Source: Not defined and standardised, not used at SBB)

BIM officer

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A role that can be performed by both the client and the contractor(s). The role can be assumed by the overall project management, a separate BIM management team or a BIM coordinator. The BIM officer is responsible for the successful implementation of the BIM methodology. This role can take different forms. SBB is of the opinion that, over the medium term, this role will incorporate existing roles such as BIM coordinator, BIM manager, etc. and these separate roles will no longer be required.

SBB note: Roles and their responsibilities can be defined on a project-specific basis.

(Source: Not defined and standardised, not used at SBB)

Discipline-specific model

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A discipline-specific model is a data set with thematically, geometrically and/or discipline or subject-focused content that can be represented visually in three-dimensional form and object-related as a digital building model. It is independent of any other geometric representation.When creating a discipline-specific model, the corresponding Exchange Information Requirements (EIR) and building model regulations (IM 70018) must be taken into account. Every existing asset information model, planning model and as-built model is a discipline-specific model.A project perimeter is usually represented using several discipline-specific models.

(Source: market definition)

Level of Development, Level of Detail, Level of Definition, Level of Definement, etc. (LoD)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The digital maturity of an object in terms of alphanumeric and geometric precision (see LoG). The precision is usually specified in numbers between 100 (for very imprecise and few alphanumeric values) and 600 (very precise). However, there is no consensus on this numbering between the individual market players. This term is therefore not used at SBB and should be avoided.

SBB note: This term is not used at SBB.

(Source: Not defined and standardised, not used at SBB)

Level of Geometry (LoG)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The digital degree of precision of geometric images such as elements or asset objects, cf. specification of precision in numbers as in LoD. This term is therefore not used at SBB and should be avoided.

SBB note: This term is not used at SBB.

(Source: Not defined and standardised, not used at SBB)

Level of Information (LoI)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The digital information level of geometric images such as elements or asset objects, cf. specification of precision in numbers as in LoD. It should not be confused with the LOIN, which involves the appointing party’s specific data requirements. This term is therefore not used at SBB and should be avoided.

SBB note: This term is not used at SBB.

(Source: Not defined and standardised, not used at SBB)

Models

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A data set with specific thematic, geometric and/or discipline-related content that can be displayed visually and used for different purposes. There are various names on the market for specifying the individual models. These are not standardised and their content must always be agreed upon.

(Source: market definition)

Object

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A nameable entity with clearly defined content, geometry and object-specific attributes and functions. Geometric objects are usually an instance of an existing object classification; e.g. ‘wall’.

(Source: market definition)

Reference model

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: A data set with specific thematic, geometric and/or discipline-related content that can be displayed visually. Reference models contain project or portfolio-related information, such as basic structures, that can be referenced by other stakeholders. Non-variable centre widths, storey heights and geographical location are all examples of this information. This data set is independent of any other geometric representation. This reference model is not usually changed during project processing.

(Source: market definition)

Digital Building Model (DBM)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Term specific to building construction, see models.

(Source: market definition)

Life Cycle Data Management (LCDM)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Focuses on property management-relevant data for the entire life cycle of an asset or facility using standardised client-side orders, data checks and quality gates, with the aim of providing and managing verified, correct, relevant and cleansed data for all stakeholders. The data is transferred from planning and implementation to management systems.

(Source: market definition)

BIM consultant

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Suitably qualified person or organisation with proven training from a state institution whose role is to support the client/user on the target and benefit-oriented use of BIM-supported methods and assume responsibility for the associated BIM quality assurance over the entire course of one or more projects or a portfolio.

(Source: market definition)

Facility management during planning and construction (pbFM)

Standardised definition:

Explanation: Considers the use, operation, maintenance and servicing of a building or facility in the context of its future use and aims to incorporate findings from other projects into the planning and implementation process to ensure smooth and economical building/system operation and the intended benefit. The savings resulting from pbFM are usually not quantifiable in monetary terms, but are based on assumptions relating to total life cycle costs.

(Source: sia 113, IFMA)

 (BIM2FM)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Refers to the seamless transfer of the ‘digital building model’ from planning and construction to operating processes. Often used synonymously with BIM4FM.

SBB note: Not used at SBB or only used unofficially.

(Source: Not defined and standardised, not used at SBB)

 (BIM4FM)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Refers to the structuring and later use of data from the ‘digital building model’ in the operational phase for facility and property management processes. Often used synonymously with BIM2FM.

SBB note: Not used at SBB or only used unofficially.

(Source: Not defined and standardised, not used at SBB)

Computer Aided Facility Management (CAFM)

Standardised definition:

Explanation: The support of facility management and operational processes by IT-supported applications. CAFM focuses on information provision and supporting work processes. It typically involves a database into which digital building models can import or transfer their data.

(Source: Market definition, GEFMA 444)

Computer Aided Design (CAD)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The use of computer-based software to aid in design processes. CAD software can be used to create two-dimensional (2-D) drawings or three-dimensional (3-D) models. CAD is seen as a tool for providing data for BIM-supported applications, but is also widely used as a standalone tool in fields such as mechanical engineering. CAD designs usually contain fewer attributes than a comparable BIM model. CAD can also be considered a process in the BIM process chain.

(Source: Market definition, Gabler Wirtschaftslexikon)

BIM viewer

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Application for the visualisation of digital building models. Different actions are possible depending on the file format and functional scope of the application. A viewer does not check the existing files for consistency, but merely visualises them.

(Source: market definition)

BIM model checker

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Application for checking the quality of digital building models. Different actions are possible depending on the file format and functional scope of the application. A checker usually checks for inconsistencies in the data and data quality of models (semantics, attributes, etc.), such as hard clashes (two or more elements touch/overlap) or soft clashes (the function of two or more elements is restricted, e.g. a window hits a door) and suggests a fix if necessary. Checkers are generally rule-based, meaning that only existing rules are checked.

(Source: market definition)

Project Common Data Environment

Standardised definition:

Explanation: The project CDE is a centralised information platform and agreed source of information for any given project (study, construction project or complex maintenance contract) for collecting, managing and disseminating the created and required information through a managed process. It serves as a single source of truth. In addition to the PIM, the project-CDE can also contain other project-related information and documents, such as requirement profiles, conditions, authorisations, risk assessments, etc. A BIM-enabled collaboration platform is used for the technical implementation of the project CDE. Synonyms used: CDE, BIM-CDE

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018)

Asset Information Management Common Data Environment 

Standardised definition:

Explanation: The AIM CDE refers to a centralised information environment (single source of truth) in which the AIM and all related information about a managed process is collected, managed, updated and disseminated for all asset management processes. An asset information system (AIS) and related applications are used for the technical implementation of the AIM CDE. Synonyms used: AIM, company CDE

(Source: SN EN ISO 19650-1:2018)

Element library

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: Library that provides the project author with generic and manufacturer/product-specific elements in various file formats to be used in the project. This maximises efficiency as there is no need to model standardised elements from scratch for every project.

(Source: market definition)

Internal BIM user tools

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: Guidelines

(Source: SBB)

BIM check plan

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: A template that is prepared by the contractor for the BIM check plan building models - Project.

(Source: SBB)

‘Tender documents submission’ checklist

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: internal help document

(Source: SBB)

Building plans directive 

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: Directive

(Source: SBB)

AIM CDE/BIM portal

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: Guidelines

(Source: SBB)

Geometry requirements

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: Building model regulations

(Source: SBB)

BIM operating instruction 

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM document SBB Real Estate

(Source: SBB)

As-built existing asset

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: Building model regulations

(Source: SBB)

As-built temporary

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: Building model regulations

(Source: SBB)

As-built model

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The as-built model is prepared, either during the construction process or when construction is complete, to reflect what has actually been built and provides information about the assets constructed during the project. It is synonymous with the more widely used term ‘as-built drawing’. The as-built model is a discipline-specific model. ‘Discipline-specific as-built model’ is an accepted synonym of as-built model.​

SBB note: Building model regulations

(Source: SBB)

BIM services to be specially agreed

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM service catalogue

(Source: SBB)

Existing asset information model

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The existing asset information model contains information about the existing assets (built or planned as part of another project) and serves as a starting point for project planning. The existing asset information model can be created with information from the asset information model, with information recorded on site and/or with third-party data. All required and referenceable information about the initial situation of the assets is brought together for project planning and integrated into the existing asset information model.
The existing asset information model is a discipline-specific model. ‘Discipline-specific asset model’ is an accepted synonym of existing asset information model.

SBB note: Discipline-specific asset information models

(Source: SBB)

BIM basic services

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM service catalogue

(Source: SBB)

BIM services

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM service catalogue

(Source: SBB)

BIM service description 

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM service catalogue

(Source: SBB)

BIM service catalogue

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM document

(Source: SBB)

BIM specifications competition

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM document SBB Real Estate

(Source: SBB)

BIM projects

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

(Source: SBB)

Centre of Competence (CoC)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

(Source: SBB)

Feedback meeting

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: Discussion between SBB and contractors on the data quality check and BIM service catalogue

(Source: SBB)

Model structure and file naming convention 

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM document

(Source: SBB)

Model overview

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM service catalogue

(Source: SBB)

Planner tool

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: A distinction is made between internal and external planner tools.

(Source: SBB)

Demolition planning

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: State, see building model regulations

(Source: SBB)

Existing asset planning

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: State, see building model regulations

(Source: SBB)

Multiple asset planning

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: State, see building model regulations

(Source: SBB)

New-build planning

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: State, see building model regulations

(Source: SBB)

Planning temporary

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: State, see building model regulations

(Source: SBB)

Planning model

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation: The planning model contains information about the planned systems and is created during project planning. It can be based on an existing asset information model and/or a planning model from a previous phase.​
The planning model is a discipline-specific model. ‘Discipline-specific planning model’ is an accepted synonym of planning model.​

SBB note: State, see building model regulations

(Source: SBB)

Inspection plan building plans and documents

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM document SBB Real Estate

(Source: SBB)

Building document regulations 

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM document SBB Real Estate

(Source: SBB)

Building models regulations 

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM document

(Source: SBB)

Building data directive 

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM document SBB Real Estate

(Source: SBB)

Facility labelling directive 

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM document SBB Real Estate

(Source: SBB)

Property management standard directive 

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: BIM document SBB Real Estate

(Source: SBB)

Project-specific data requirements (PDA)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: The project-specific data requirements are a list of the BIM data requirements for the object data types according to SBB’s specialised data catalogue (FDK), structured according to facilities and discipline-specific models, and are part of the EIR (Exchange Information Requirements).

(Source: SBB)

Perimeter overview

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: Plan that is attached to tenders. This plan defines the geographical area in which discipline-specific models are created in the project and in which data is transferred from inventory systems for the project.

(Source: SBB)

Surrounding perimeter

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: The surrounding perimeter defines the geographical area around the planning perimeter which is only shown in the models for information purposes. No models are created with planning accuracy in the surrounding perimeter. It is for information only; to aid resident orientation for instance.

(Source: SBB)

Planning perimeter

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: The planning perimeter defines the geographical area in which data from inventory systems is supplied to the planner (spatial information systems). The planning perimeter also defines the area in which additional data such as point clouds must be recorded and the area in which existing asset information models are created with planning accuracy. The planning perimeter includes the project perimeter as well as additional areas that are required for the project. (e.g. installation sites, material storage, etc.)

(Source: SBB)

Project perimeter

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: The project perimeter corresponds to the geographical area of a project defined in the assignment. It cannot be equated with any perimeter of the perimeter overview (environment, planning and focus perimeter), but is still used in the same way as for conventional projects (no change due to BIM).

(Source: SBB)

SpecData-Tool (SDT)

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

(Source: SBB)

Facility

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

SBB note: Unit according to which models can be separated.

(Source: SBB)

Data field catalogue

Standardised definition: [no standardised definition available]

Explanation:

(Source: SBB)